Gestational Surrogacy
Unlike other countries such as United States or Ukraine, surrogacy is not permitted in our current legal system. Law 35/1988, of November 22, on assisted human reproduction techniques, provides in its art. 10: “1. Any contract whereby gestation, with or without payment, is agreed upon by a woman who renounces maternal affiliation in favor of the contracting party or a third party shall be null and void. 2. The affiliation of children born by surrogate gestation shall be determined by childbirth.” The possible paternity claim action with respect to the biological father is preserved, according to general rules.”
According to this provision, it is completely prohibited to carry out the surrogacy process, since the legal affiliation of the minor is directly linked to childbirth and not to genetic linkage. This means that if a contract is signed with another person to lend their womb and grow a baby inside, for legal purposes, even if a contract has been signed, it will not be valid and the legal mother will be her.
At this time, Spanish law does not offer a uniform response regarding the registration of affiliation of children born in this way. There is a diversity of positions between the General Directorate of Registries and Notaries and the Supreme Court that generates legal uncertainty for the affected parties, especially for the children.